Orwells Animal Farm VS T he Russian Revolution

Orwell’s Animal Farm VS

The Russian Revolution

Mr. White

Russia was in an appalling state of poverty while the Tsar lived in

luxury. There was tremendous dissatisfaction.

Russian Society

Czar Nicholas II

A poor leader at best, compared to western leaders Cruel - sometimes brutal with opponents Sometimes kind - hired students as spies to make $

Believed he was the unquestionable leader of Russia appointed by God

Had unarmed protesters murdered in the streets in 1905.

Nicholas II

KARL MARX: THE FATHER OF COMMUNISM

Marx believed that the private ownership of land must be abolished

Marx

Believed in “Communal” way of life where everyone shares in prosperity

Marx

Marx

Invented Communism “Workers of the world unite", take over gov't Dies before Russian Revolution

All people equal Government owns everything, People own government

Communism

Lenin

Lenin adopted Marx’s ideas. He believed that the bourgeoisie (middle class) exploited the workers and must therefore be overthrown.

Lenin understood the emotional impact of simple, powerful slogans like

workers of the world unite

Lenin

Changed Russia’s name to the USSR

Lenin

When Lenin died, there was a power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin

It is believed Lenin ordered Nicholas II murdered

Lenin Dies

One of the leaders of "October Revolution“ along with Lenin and Stalin

Believed in “pure” communism, followed Marx

Leon Trotsky

Trotsky was a brilliant speaker

With Lenin he succeeded in overthrowing the government in October 1917. Lenin was the President, Trotsky the Commissar for Foreign Affairs.

Trotsky

Former name of a head of a government department in the Soviet Union

Like Secretary of State Colin Powell

Commissar

Trotsky favored world revolution

Wanted to improve life for all in Russia Chased away by Lenin's KGB

(Lenin's secret police)

Trotsky

Civil War

From 1918 –1921 there was civil war. Foreign countries including Britain, France, Poland and USA were alarmed at the spread of communism but the Red Army (the Bolsheviks) led by Trotsky proved successful.

Stalin continually opposed Trotsky

Average speaker, not educated like Trotsky Didn't exactly follow

Marx's ideas

Joseph Stalin

Craved power, willing to kill for it Used KGB, allowed church, and

propagandized

Stalin

Worked for Stalin to support his image Lied to convince the people to

follow Stalin

Propaganda Department of Stalin’s government

Benefited from the fact that education was controlled

Stalin

In his sinister way, Stalin secured his power base, and engineered the

permanent exile of Trotsky in 1929.

Stalin takes Control

The exiled Trotsky was still very useful to Stalin as he now had

Trotsky to blame for all the problems and difficulties that Russia suffered.

This was the policy-making body of the Communist party’s Central

Committee. In reality it was merely a force to carry out Stalin’s orders and secure his position as dictator.

Politburo :

These were the various names/ initials given to the secret police

during Stalin’s dictatorship.

Cheka/OGPU/NKVD/KGB :

Not really police, but forced all to support Stalin Used force, often

killed entire families for disobedience Totally loyal, part of Lenin's power, even over army

KGB - Secret Police

Religion

Marx said religion was the "Opiate of the people" and a lie Used to make people not complain and do their work

Religion

Religion was tolerated because people would work and not complain Stalin knew religion would stop violent revolutions

Dedicated, but tricked communist supporters

People believed Stalin because he was "Communist" Many stayed loyal after it was obvious Stalin a tyrant Betrayed by Stalin who ignored and killed them

Supposed to fix problems from Czar Life was even worse long after

revolution Stalin made Czar look like a nice guy

Overall details of Russian Revolution

Kulaks :

These were the land-owning peasants who did not want their farms to be collectivized after the revolution. From 1929, Stalin began to exterminate them as a class.

From 1927-1932, new economic plans, called the five-year plans, were

introduced. The purpose was to improve industry

5 Year Plans

Germany and Great Britain :

Stalin negotiated with both Germany and Great Britain. The Russo-German pact of August 1939 allowed Russia to occupy eastern Poland while Germany occupied the rest.

Germany and Great Britain

On 22 June, 1941, Germany attacked her ally Russia without warning. Thus the unholy alliance between Nazism and Communism fell apart and Russia formed an alliance with Britain and the USA.

Cold War begins

The Tehran conference in 1943 presented the Soviet Union, Britain and America as allies. However, by the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union became an enemy of its allies as the Cold War intensified.

Essential Questions

Who had the ideas in the beginning that inspired the rebellions

#1

What are the real enemies of Communism according to Marx, Lenin,

Stalin and Trotsky?

#2

Who does Stalin blame anytime a problem arises

Why do you think Stalin blames this person?

#3 and #4

#5 and #6

Who would you associate with this quote? Marx, Lenin Stalin or Trotsky? Why did you choose that person? “All men are equal but some are more equal than others”

Compare the lives of Russians when they live under Czar Nicholas and

when they live under Stalin.

#7

Tells of a dream that leads to Rebellion and inspires others

#8 Who is this?

Leader of the rebellion that drives out Czar Nicholas II

#9 Who is this?

Leader of Rebellion that is driven out of Russia and later killed in

Mexico.

#10 Who is this?

Leader of the Rebellion that drives out his competition and starts to

purge those that disagree or may disagree with him.

#11 Who is this?

Branch of Government that enforces Stalin’s rules

#12 Who is this?

Mr

Jones- Czar Nicholas II Old Major- Lenin Snowball- Trotsky Napoleon- Stalin

Who is Who

Dogs-KGB Windmill- 5 year plan Major’s Skull-Lenin’s Body Battle of

the Cowshed- Russian Civil War

Who is Who

Who is Who

Frederick- Hitler Animal Executions – Stalin’s Purge Battle of the Windmill – World War II Card Game- Tehran Conference Pilkington- FDR

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