Презентация на тему «Recent Development in the National Forest Inventory of Finland»

Recent Development in the National Forest Inventory of Finland Kari T

Korhonen Metla/NFI Irkutsk 1.10.2014

Forestry in Finland

Forest land 20.3 mill. ha Growing stock 2.3 bill. m3 Annual increment 104 mill. m3/a Forest ownership: Private 61%: 630 000 forest owners State, municipalities, parishes and other public entities 28% Limited companies 9% Jointly owned forests 2%

Forestry and forest-based industry in the national economy of Finland

(2012)

Gross value of the production of forest industries 18 bill. €/a Total value of goods exports 11 bill. €/a (=19% of the total value of goods exports): Wood products 2 bill. €/a (sawn goods 1.2 bill.€, plywood 0.4 bill.€) Pulp and paper 9 bill. €/a (paper 5 bill. €, paperboard 2 bill €, pulp 1.4 bill. €)

The Two Inventory Systems in Finland

1. Management planning inventories Forestry Center for private forests, Forest Service and forest companies for their own forests To produce management plans (10 year period) Government supports, appr. 16.5 mill. €/year in private forests Standwise inventory , new method based on laser & field plots 2. National Forest Inventory (NFI) country and district level results, based on statistical sampling covers all country, all land, all ownership groups... 5 year cycle annual budget appr. 1.6 mill. euro

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Why NFI

Government needs Forest policy, forestry programs Protection of forests Assessing sustainability of forestry Estimating forest carbon budget, other international reports & statistics (Forest taxes) Regional needs Regional planning: setting goals for thinnings, tending of seedling stands etc. Forest certification Forest Industry needs Planning of forest industry investments Timber procurement Research

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History of NFI

First inventory in 1921-1924 first four NFIs were carried out as line surveys forest stands on the line were observed Cluster wise systematic sampling since the 5th NFI (1964 - ), field work by regions

Systematic Cluster Sampling Design: Example NFI9, Central Finland

Cluster design

Plot design

7 km

7

8

9

6

10

5

11

4

12

7 km

3

13

2

14

1

15

18

17

16

300 m

K

P

300 m

P=Permanent cluster

- every 4th cluster

plots 11-14 not measured

1 200 m

K=Temporary cluster - All 18 plots measured

K

K

1 500 m

Reactions to changing information needs

8th NFI 1986 – 1994 Assessment of forest damages added Use of satellite images in national forest inventory (MS-NFI) since 1990 9th NFI 1996 – 2003 MS-volume map used for planning new design Permanent plots established Assessment of biodiversity components 10th NFI 2004 – 2008 Green house gas inventory -> Continuous inventory 11th NFI 2009 – 2013 Trees out side Forests 12th NFI 2014-2018 Better support to remote sensing New forest act

NFI9 (1996-2003)

NFI10+ (2004-2008)

Recent changes in NFI

1. NFI11 in ?land Islands (2013) Autonomous archipelago region in Finland Because of islands travelling between field plots is difficult, therefore sampling is different from the rest of Finland: all plots are measured in one year (not in 5 years) NFI11 completed in 2013 Need to combine management planning with NFI -> application of lidar techniques

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Blue marks: NFI clusters, intensified sampling, Bitterlich relascope

plots with basal area factor 1 Red plots: extra plots, selected using lidar data features

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Recent changes in NFI

1. NFI in ?land Islands (2013) Results: appr. 80 additional plots were needed in addition to the NFI plots Accuracy of volume estimates at stand level (average size less than 1 hectare) very good (standard error around 20 %) Combining NFI and management planning was successfull in ?land islands, but method cannot be copied as such for other parts of Finland because NFI sampling is much lower in other parts of Finland

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Recent changes in NFI

2) Better support to remote sensing In Finnish NFI, relascope plots has been applied because they are very efficient for volume estimation Only 10 trees per plot on average -> Not very good for classification of remote sensing material - Need to support management planning inventories -> fixed radius plots

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Restricted relascope plot

Each diameter defines different sized plot Maximum radius 12,52 m (South) or 12,45 m (North)

NFI12 Fixed radius plot

Fixed radius - 9 m: for trees with d1.3 ? 95 mm - 5,64 m: for trees 45 mm ? d1.3 < 95 mm Small tree relascope plot - Factor 1,5: for trees with d1.3 < 45 mm

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Recent changes in NFI

2) Better support to remote sensing Tree measurements by one person -> Sonar electronic callibers Development 2010-2012 Used by all field groups 2014->

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Recent changes in NFI

3) New Forest Act 1.1.2014 Allows various management options: No lower limit for cutting maturity Uneven aged management Need to follow what changes the new management pracitices may cause in forests -> new permanent plots -> 60 % of field clusters are now permanent

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EFINORD-SNS Forest Inventory Work Group

In 1980’s Nordic countries established Forest Inventory and Planning Group of researchers and industry to exchange experiences on forest inventory and management planning issues Working method: worshop once in 2 years for forest inventory reserchers, organisations and PhD students Baltic countries joined 6 years ago EFINORD countries included in the workshop 2013 Current chair of the group Kari T. Korhonen Next meeting in Finland (late August) in ?land islands, 2 days Funding for practical arrangements & accommodation has been applied from EFINORD/SNS Possible to pay flying tickets for 1-2 PhD students per country Possibility to arrange a special session (1 additional day) on forest inventory issues on very large areas, such as Siberia

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Thank you

Forest

Well-being

Know-how

knowledge

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